Quote from: steveinthecity on November 14, 2016, 07:00:11 PM

Quote from: DeCarlo Rules on November 14, 2016, 12:31:23 AM

Quote from: steveinthecity on November 13, 2016, 07:43:16 PM

Quote from: Cosmo on November 13, 2016, 06:39:41 PM
Wow....sounds like a mystery for the Dover Boys:  The Case of the Phantom Issue.

I don't have a copy of #1, but wonder if there is any mention of the next exciting issue in that book.

The last panel asks readers to send a postcard if they'd like more stories from the Dover Boys. 


But...I found a four year old post from one of the DCM admins who listed having "Adventures Of Dover Boys #2" on order in a "VG-" condition from Terry O'Neill. Terry hasn't updated his website since April, but I'll try to contact both of them to find out what they know or remember about this.  Could be a dead end, but I'd like to know what Terry thought he was selling, if not #2.

Seems dubious at best. If I understand this correctly, nobody's claiming to have any information regarding the contents of AotDB#2, and nobody claims to have seen it or have a picture of it. Unless it's one of those weird cases where #2 is actually #1 (as in, the cover and indicia of the book say different things), so that somehow a single comic wound up being listed as two different comics.

"Could be a dead end' doesn't equate to dubious? Thank you for the reality check.  Also, a well known dealer of Golden Age Comics for 35+ years apparently selling a copy isn't "information" worthy of following up on?  Maybe it was like a Stuntman #3 or still unknown like the Harvey Flash Gordon last issue?  My interests in the hobby apparently don't jibe with those of the board.   

Having something "on order" doesn't mean much to me. Simply that it's on your "wish list" and a retailer would be happy to be the one to sell it to you if a copy should happen to turn up.

Quote from: irishmoxie on November 14, 2016, 01:59:20 AM
I think it was a mistake to have Adam Hughes as writer. I wish they had chosen a female writer and made the comic girlie.
[ . . . ]
My favorite ACP series right now: Josie (except the 1st issue was way better than the 2nd) and surprisingly Jughead. I hope they keep Sabrina in the series or better yet give her her own series. I also liked Cheryl in the Archie series.

It probably won't surprise you that I don't like the idea of ACP becoming a "No Boys Allowed" niche-marketing comic book publisher servicing only the female demographic of comic readers. Obviously from my own perspective as a male comic book reader, but while it's true that this has been an increasing trend at the Big Two publishers, Marvel and DC, in the last few years, it makes financial sense for those companies only with respect to the fact that they both publish a dozen or two titles every week. Therefore if they convert a half-dozen of their comics to "girlie titles", it's merely redressing a balance considering that the vast majority of their comics are aimed at or appeal mainly to males. And relatively speaking, it's a burgeoning demographic, with an influx of female readers having recently come into the marketplace due to the influence of movie adaptations, video games, cosplaying, and the increased visibility of comic conventions. ACP only publishes a scant few comics, however, so even if they were to exploit the female comic-reading demographic to its fullest, they are limiting the appeal of the characters, which (in Classic Archie comics) was traditionally always universal between the sexes.

Or are you saying it may be okay for books like ARCHIE and JUGHEAD to be written to appeal to a male audience, but if it's a female lead character tile like B&V, JOSIE, or SABRINA, then those titles should be written exclusively by females, and for females? I have nothing against female writers as long as I consider them good writers, and they are putting something in their stories for everybody.

So let me ask you how classic Archie Comics female writers like Kathleen Webb, Barbara Slate, Holly Golightly, and Tania del Rio rank on your personal "girlieness" scale. Of the four I mentioned, I haven't read an extensive number of stories by Barbara Slate or Tania del Rio, but in my view Kathleen Webb and Holly G's stories seem pretty girlie to me (but I guess I could be wrong about that), yet still maintain a universality of appeal. I have to say I don't consider Marguerite Bennet to be a very good writer. Her internal story logic seems weak, and the scripts are overladen with burdensome, tangential dialogue that seems almost stream-of-consciousness at some points. The dialogue doesn't ring true to me as something you'd actually hear in people's conversations with each other.

Quote from: SAGG on November 13, 2016, 04:15:48 PM
I think (think, now) that the writers are trying to strengthen the flimsy friendship of Betty and Ronica by having them go through this. Perhaps, though, they should have chosen a stronger subject. As for Pop's Shoppe fate? Please. It's Pop's.    It's an institution in Riverdale. I predict it's not going anywhere. Hm. I think I may just have figured out what's going to happen: How about a combination of the two ideas? Pop's Coffee Shop? It would appease both girls, and strengthen their friendship... 

Applying the theory that Pop's is a metaphor for Classic Archie, and StarLodge is a metaphor for New Riverdale, a more accurately representational compromise outcome would be for Pop's to be preserved as sort of a museum, with varnished plates of food from the menu and unchanging wax figures of its former patrons preserved as relics of a fondly-remembered, but now bygone past, open to the public so long as misty nostalgia still generates a small profit stream, but irrelevant to the modern world. That would serve as a metaphor for the reprint digests, sequestered off in a corner and maintained but no longer part of the mainstream culture.

Quote from: BettyReggie on November 13, 2016, 03:40:22 PM
Those are some good thoughts about B & V #1 & 2. It was strange that when Veronica called her father to complain that she was almost ran over by a truck & she wanted her father put his money where his mouth is & can buy the company so he take control. When Veronica hung up the phone, her face looked like he told her he already owned them. Wouldn't she know that? And I wonder if Veronica & her father run Pop out of  business, will Veronica have any friends at all in the end? Jughead hates Veronica, Midge & Moose are not too friendly with her either. Even Dilton & Ethel were never friends with her either. I think this back fire in Veronica's face & she will have no friends. Pop will out of luck & money, what will happen to him. He's old, what's he going do?

Yes, the only thing that Veronica's campaign seems to be doing is making enemies for her. If she wins, her father becomes a LITTLE bit richer, but how does that improve Veronica's life by much, if she has no friend left?

You bring up an interesting point about it never being positively established that Mr. Lodge did indeed take control of the coffee franchise, and maybe you have guessed the key to the story's ending here.

Quote from: irishmoxie on November 14, 2016, 01:59:20 AM
Metaphors: Pop's represents Classic Archie and StarLodge the new Riverdale.

I didn't want to plant any suggestions in anyone's mind, but Betty's little speech in issue #1 about why saving Pop's mattered to her made me think the same thing.

HOWEVER, if this is indeed a metaphor and the comic is alluding to some meta statement, the message is very confusing.

If Pop's symbolizes tradition, the sort of fundamental things we hope will never change and always be with us, a comforting place that's always there for us to return to, and remains steadfast from generation to generation... and StarLodge Coffee symbolizes the New Thing, the thing of the moment, moving with changing times, what's currently popular with the mainstream of culture, and the franchising of a brand for the primary purpose of increasing profits, then what message is being sent in the story, if Betty & Pop's seems to be cast in the role of "the good guys" and Veronica and StarLodge Coffee seems to be cast in the role of "the bad guys"? Doesn't that make it seem like the comic is casting the New Riverdale reboot in the role of the villain here, versus "Good Ol' Classic Archie"? If it is a meta statement, then the statement seems to be "I am the bad thing that you should resist with all your might." Or are they foreshadowing an unexpected outcome, where Veronica is triumphant, StarLodge Coffee winds up sweeping Pop's into the dustbin of history, and the message is "Everything changes. You can't fight progress."

Quote from: steveinthecity on November 13, 2016, 07:43:16 PM

Quote from: Cosmo on November 13, 2016, 06:39:41 PM
Wow....sounds like a mystery for the Dover Boys:  The Case of the Phantom Issue.

I don't have a copy of #1, but wonder if there is any mention of the next exciting issue in that book.

The last panel asks readers to send a postcard if they'd like more stories from the Dover Boys. 


But...I found a four year old post from one of the DCM admins who listed having "Adventures Of Dover Boys #2" on order in a "VG-" condition from Terry O'Neill. Terry hasn't updated his website since April, but I'll try to contact both of them to find out what they know or remember about this.  Could be a dead end, but I'd like to know what Terry thought he was selling, if not #2.

Seems dubious at best. If I understand this correctly, nobody's claiming to have any information regarding the contents of AotDB#2, and nobody claims to have seen it or have a picture of it. Unless it's one of those weird cases where #2 is actually #1 (as in, the cover and indicia of the book say different things), so that somehow a single comic wound up being listed as two different comics.

Quote from: BettyReggie on November 13, 2016, 09:57:19 PM
I can't wait for Chip Zdarsky's issue for Reggie & Me #2. He makes Reggie look gorgeous. I wonder how they will put the title on the cover because Chip already wrote Reggie & Me on it.

Chip Zdarsky is drawing REGGIE? Oh, he's not drawing the story, just the cover, you mean. Apart from hanging them on a wall or just putting them in plastic bags and admiring them, I don't make much of a connection between the cover and the comic (by which I mean the story written and drawn on the inside). They're pretty much interchangeable, so I consider the cover that was drawn by the interior artist to be the "real" cover.

Quote from: steveinthecity on November 13, 2016, 06:59:23 PM
Here Betty goes old school.  No crystals, no liquids or gels.  If the Cooper household is typical of others in the US regarding their choice of cosmetic and grooming products, there is an over 50% chance Betty is using a bar of Dove.




Just wondering if others toss the bar into the tub ahead of themselves getting in?

Well, since she's thinking "cheap" and "plain", I would say Ivory soap. Can't get much more "basic soap" than that. Furthermore, IIRC, Ivory soap is a simple flat rectangular brick, whereas Dove soap is kind of oval-shaped and (I think) curved rather than flat. Dove soap would probably make more sense for a teenage girl since it has some fragrance to it and contains emollients more gentle to the skin, but as far as bar soaps go, I wouldn't consider Dove soap cheap and plain. Definitely less cheap and plain than Ivory soap, and even less cheap and plain than many middle-of-the-road soap brands like Irish Spring or Zest.

Before I ask the questions, let me preface this by stating that some (if not most) of these questions may seem strange to some of you. So let me set this up by explaining why I think I need to ask them. I've read the first 2 issues of the New Riverdale BETTY & VERONICA (once only) but I don't own them so I don't have them to refer to. I've also read every issue of the New Riverdale JUGHEAD, but apart from #9 & 10, I don't own any of the first 8 issues. I've read the first two issues of ARCHIE, but don't own those either, and haven't even read issues #3-12 (or whatever number they're up to now).

I don't recall reading anything in those JUGHEAD issues that would seem relevant to background knowledge that a reader of BETTY & VERONICA would be expected to have prior to reading the story, but I'm not sure if that's true of the New Riverdale ARCHIE title. Ideally, a reader of B&V would not require any background knowledge prior to reading the story, but I realize comic books are now written in such a way that sometimes the reader of a new title is presumed to have also read previous titles published by the same company, and supposedly taking place within the same universe.

Now, it also occurs to me that since the New Riverdale comics are all part of a REBOOTED Archie universe, no information applicable to the publisher's previous incarnations of the characters should be presumed, either. Therefore any background information that the reader of BETTY & VERONICA can be presumed to bring with them before reading the story should go back no further in the publishing history than ARCHIE (2015) #1. I mean, isn't that the point, to get new readers to read the New Riverdale comics, and not assume that the readers had also read Archie Comics published prior to  ARCHIE #1? Clearly there are many specific aspects of the Archie characters in the New Riverdale comics that differ from their Classic incarnations, so they shouldn't be asking any readers to fill in any missing background information about the characters appearing in New Riverdale based on the pre-rebooted characters' incarnations.

So these questions I have are by way of determining whether background information necessary to the story in B&V #1-2 is simply not given in the story, or whether that information was stated or depicted in the stories in ARCHIE, and the publisher (and writer) has simply presumed that all of the readers of BETTY & VERONICA would have read those comics already. Also by way of determining whether the reason it doesn't seem like a real story to me (because there's too much background information missing for me to make much sense of it) is because in order to really understand what's going on in this story, I would need to understand things that happened in ARCHIE.



1. Are Betty and Veronica best friends? Are they friends at all? (Because it sure doesn't seem like it.) I know Veronica only moved to Riverdale recently in the new ARCHIE series, so where & how did they become friends (if indeed they are, sure doesn't seem like it)? If they're not friends, then how does a BETTY VS. VERONICA story even matter?




2. Is Mr. Lodge an evil greedy 1%er who doesn't care about anybody but himself/money/his family (maybe?)




3. Betty tried to explain why she's trying to save Pop's in the first issue, but what does Veronica get out of making sure Pop Tate is driven out of business? Another successful gourmet coffee franchise in Riverdale doesn't make a difference in her lifestyle one way or another, because she's too rich already for a few more $$$ in profit to change anything for her, right? She doesn't have to do a thing to help Pop Tate, but she doesn't have to go out of her way to annihilate him either, unless she's just doing it to crush Betty's hopes. And why do you think she'd want to do that, if that's what she's doing? She could just stand back, do absolutely nothing, and let the chips fall where they may.





4. Who do you think we're supposed to be rooting for in this story? And why does it matter? Places go out of business all the time, get bought up or change ownership, etc. You see it all the time, if you even notice it. Why would it be a good thing if Betty/Pop's wins, or why would it be a good thing if Veronica/coffee wins? The reason I ask is that if it doesn't matter to the reader which one wins, Betty/Pop's or Veronica/Lodge coffee franchise, then what do you think the story IS about?





5. This one's tough, and you won't find the answers in any of those other comic books, so you'll just have to put on your thinking cap. There's no right answer or wrong answer.
IF it does matter somehow, then WHY does it matter? What does Pop's symbolize or stand for? What does Lodgebucks Coffee (or whateverthehell the franchise is called) represent, and how do the values, ideas/ideals or philosophies that those two different companies embody have anything to say about anything? Are Pop Tate's and Lodgebucks Coffee metaphors for something else?




************************************************************************************************************************
I have some ideas of my own about Question #5, but I'm wondering if anybody thinks about these stories or what they're about, or just reads them in 10-15 minutes and puts them away in a bag and/or box and forgets about them.

ARCHIE'S CHRISTMAS STOCKING #3, 1995 - Darn, it's missing the calendar, but in otherwise Fine condition for something I pulled out of a 50-cent box.

I just want to comment on the two outstanding stories in here. The first one is Betty & Veronica in "Jingles' Belle", written by Bill Golliher with pencils by Sean Murphey (...? Yeah, totally unfamiliar... but he's very on-model with the characters, as inked here by Pat Kennedy). And what exactly is Jingles' "belle"? Why, it's none other than MRS. Jingles, who isn't given an actual first name in this story, so... I'm just going to call her Belle. Which may or may not be her actual name, depending on how you want to take a bit of dialogue exchange on Page 3, in Panel 5 - After bursting into Betty's home in the previous panel with the greeting "He's here, isn't he?! I know he is!", Veronica replies in the next panel "I take it you're MRS. JINGLES?" to which Mrs. J retorts, "No, honey! I'm TINKERBELL! Now where's my old man?!" She does have a sharp tongue, so maybe we can take that as sarcasm, but on the other hand, "Belle" could actually be a diminutive form of the name Tinkerbell (which for all we know, may be as common a female name among fairy-folk as Alice or Sarah is for American girls). Of course it's a typically punning title for an Archie Comics story, and this particular Northern Belle blows in like a stinging arctic wind. But also, as the word belle implies, she's rather cute for a little person. She has short curly orange-red hair, and I'm debating on whether she's supposed to physically resemble Lucille Ball in I Love Lucy, especially in the scene on Page 3, where Jingles' forgetting that it's the couple's 100th Anniversary makes her bawl and burst into tears (the expression on her face, and the red hair, reminded me of I Love Lucy). Anyway, I'm not going to recount the plot details of whole the story here, but how many of you even knew that Jingles was a married elf? And doesn't this put a whole new slant on the more recent Dan Parent stories where Jingles (in his human guise as Jimmy) carries on a passionate romance with Sugar Plum (in her human guise as Summer)?? Oh Jingles, you cad! You bounder! I guess (?) anyone who's been married for over 100 years is bound to succumb to having a roving eye once or twice... ? Some of these 1990s Bill Golliher-written stories are on a par with the contemporaneous Dan Parent-written stories, which is a round-about way of saying he was capable of turning out some good ones.

*****

The other notable story in this issue is "Gifted", another Betty & Veronica story, a 5-Pager written by Kathleen Webb with pencils by Dan DeCarlo, featuring Sugar Plum. Now the logo on the story may say B&V, but this is essentially a Betty story in which she gets the Christmas blues, and Sugar Plum sees it as her sworn duty in helping Santa to spread Christmas Joy to use her natural magical abilities to cheer Betty up, by helping her find the perfect gift for the hard-to-please Veronica. Fortunately, those abilities include her diminutive size, flight, and magical teleportation, as well as the ability to remain unseen to anyone except when she wishes to be seen -- which makes her the perfect espionage agent to collect intelligence from the Lodge Mansion. Along with Sugar, we get to peek at
Veronica's Christmas List :

* NEW FERRARI
* TRIP TO BERMUDA
* SET OF MATCHED PEARLS
* UNLIMITED CREDIT ACCOUNT AT MY FAVORITE DRESS SHOP
* MY OWN SODA FOUNTAIN
* STOCK IN MY FAVORITE SHOE STORE
* FINE JEWELRY
* MINK COAT
* SABLE COAT
* BOOTS

When the doll-sized detective reports back to Betty, she can't help but express her editorial opinion: "Boy! That kid could give a crash course in Materialism 101!"

This seems like a good point to comment on a few noticeable things in a Kathleen Webb story. There's never a shred of doubt as to where Webb's loyalties lie when it comes to Team Betty versus Team Veronica -- her natural sympathies lie completely with Betty, and she never misses an opportunity to exploit the comedic possibilities inherent in Veronica's personality flaws. When it comes to Christmas stories, if she's writing a Veronica solo story, she usually finds the 'heart of gold' among those flaws and gives Ronnie a break at this time of year, but when it's a Betty solo story or a Betty AND Veronica story, it's always clear that Webb empathizes with, and inhabits Betty's persona for the duration of the story. Which is exactly what makes her both THE best writer for Betty, as well as one of the best for both Betty & Veronica. When I hear people say that they find Betty boring or 'too perfect', I can understand that, because when you look at the BETTY comic book, it's mostly a musical chairs line-up of the workhorse writers of ACP, just filling more pages to earn a living. For most of those writers, a Betty story is just another assignment in a string of assignments for multiple Archie Comics ongoing series, but you also get the feeling it's not the character they'd choose to write if given their choice to cherry-pick any title or character to make their own. When I'm reading a Kathleen Webb story featuring Betty, I get the feeling that there's nothing else that she'd rather be writing, that she is totally inside Betty's head as a writer, that she really understands what makes Betty tick, and that why I think she chose to make BETTY'S DIARY her main regular feature, not just because there probably wasn't a lot of competition for the job, but because Betty is probably the character that led her to want to write stories for Archie Comics in the first place. All of this is pure speculation on my part based on a reading of her stories, and what seems to set them apart from the majority of writers when it comes to Betty, but I'd be pretty shocked to discover otherwise (but I'd just add as an addendum that both Al Hartley and Bob Bolling clearly had a soft spot for Betty in their hearts, and Dan DeCarlo stated on more than one occasion that Betty was his favorite character). That said, Webb makes a capable writer for any of the Archie characters, although for anyone with a definite partiality to Veronica over Betty, she might become a little irksome over reading the many stories where Veronica... isn't winning. I don't know, they're funny to me, but then I admit I'm on Team Betty.

What I learned about Betty's personality, mostly from reading Kathleen Webb stories, is this: it's true that Betty is prettier, smarter, and has an array of talents well beyond that of the average teenager, and it's also true that she's more helpful, kind, caring, compassionate, and thoughtful than even the best of us (so I can understand the perception that she's "too perfect"). But at her emotional core she's very much just a typical, ordinary teenage girl. While she's generally cheerful, optimistic, upbeat, honest, and forgiving to the degree that most us can't maintain nearly as consistently, she's also capable of being mad, frustrated, sad, lacking in self-confidence or self-esteem. She can be witty or acerbic, making thinly-veiled sarcastic or self-aware ironic observations, indulging in playful or punning wordplay (must be all those years of writing out her own thoughts in her diary), or just fail in trying to maintain her overcommitted schedule. She's probably more innocent and naive in some ways than most 16-year olds. While you do see most of those things in other writers' stories, rarely are they as well-integrated as aspects of her personality, or applied with as much consistency, as in Kathleen Webb's stories.


Where was I... ? Oh yeah. Sugar Plum trying to help Betty find the perfect gift for Veronica for Christmas. I guess this is a bit of a spoiler, but in the end Sugar Plum doesn't do anything at all. What pulls Betty out of her Christmas funk is Veronica showing up at her door in tears, upset over a string of recent minor misfortunes, elaborated in a list filling three panels of Veronica's dialogue while having a crying jag. While Betty is clearly not identifying with Ronnie's personal issues (as indicated by her brief replies: "Oh, no!"/"What a shame!"/"How inconvenient of him!"), what she IS responding to is Veronica's very genuine emotional distress, and being supportive to her best friend is what rallies Betty out of her OWN depression. She manages to rise to the occasion not by commiserating with her because of her troubles (pretty hard to do, since Veronica's hardships are patently ridiculous), but by consoling Ronnie, and giving her a pep talk assuring her that everything will work out for her and get better. And it helps, and Veronica is cheered up to hear Betty say these things. Really all that Sugar Plum contributes here at the end of the story is a little more of writer Kathleen Webb's authorial voice: "I don't think you need to worry about her Christmas present anymore! Who ELSE would have listened to that overblown tale of woe with sympathy? You gave her the best Christmas present that she's gonna get! Keep it up, and I'll think you're after MY job!"

Quote from: BettyReggie on November 12, 2016, 10:05:31 PM
I think Harper's supposed to Indian. Because in thst issue where she signing her book that she wrote her mom was there & she was looked Indian. Harper's father must be Mr. Lodges brother because he looked like his brother Hiram.

No, she's not half-Indian. Her mother's African-American.

Quote from: steveinthecity on November 12, 2016, 04:47:59 PM

Quote from: DeCarlo Rules on November 12, 2016, 03:32:27 PM
I'm thinking of ordering a bunch of BETTY'S DIARY issues, as that title seems (based on the few issues I have read so far) to be a much better book on average than BETTY for Betty stories.

I don't recall off the top of my head, but was there a more consistent writer for Betty's Diary?  Those issues do seem to standout when compared to the Betty solo title.

Kathleen Webb. She is pretty consistent with at least one  story (more often 2, sometimes even 3 or 4... but I don't know if some of the latter are really longer stories with shorter chapters) in nearly every issue of Betty's Diary in GCDb that is indexed so far.

She could be Valerie, or even Josie. Or maybe even Harper. Heck, if I didn't already know Reggie was going to be Hispanic in the show, I wouldn't put it past them to turn him into a black female character, either.

BETTY #38, 39, 43, 45, 48 - Not too much to say about these. I'd read a few of these issues before, including #45 (which has the ultimate Betty/Reggie story, "For One Brief Moment"), and oh, those crazy Bob Bolling 'Betty Cooper, Super Sleuther' stories! I always keep an eye out in these BETTY issues for the Kathleen Webb stories, since I consider her to be the defining writer for Betty (at least since the late 1980s). Doug Crane seems to be the artist most consistently assigned to draw Betty stories. On average, the VERONICA comic is a much stronger series, but that last batch of issues I read was closer to what I've grown to expect from typical issues of BETTY. I'm thinking of ordering a bunch of BETTY'S DIARY issues, as that title seems (based on the few issues I have read so far) to be a much better book on average than BETTY for Betty stories.

This book collection (from the solicited-then-cancelled 6-issue miniseries of 2013) was solicited back in 2014, then cancelled. Amazon is now listing it for preorders again, with a projected publication date of September 5, 2017.
https://www.amazon.com/New-Crusaders-2-Dark-Tomorrow/dp/1936975734/ref=asap_bc?ie=UTF8

That's awfully far in advance, and Diamond Comics has not listed this as an upcoming release as of yet, so I don't know if I should trust this (for that matter, I don't know if I should trust it even IF/when Diamond does start taking orders for it). Don't get me wrong, I'd LOVE to have this book to complete my Mighty Comics/Red Circle collection, but 10 months is a looooooooooong way away for a company that really doesn't plan that far ahead. But maybe this is an example of them using some of that investment capital money to use up some of that in-house material that has already been bought and paid for. Presumably they couldn't do that before, because anything that they solicited that would result in a big printer's bill needed to be a product that would return the money laid out for that bill almost immediately, or it wasn't a justifiable use of their limited cash resources. Hopefully we will then get to see a couple of other previously solicited (but then cancelled) things coming down the road after this, like TPBs for the second story arc ("Fox Hunt") of THE FOX, and Tom DeFalco's SAM HILL (released previously as a Digital Exclusive collection), and a TPB collection of Dan Parent's digital-only miniseries LIFE WITH KEVIN.